Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
terms and norms on safety in welding part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
terms and norms on safety in welding part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
terms and norms on safety in welding part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
terms and norms on safety in welding part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
General characteristics of the basic safety requirements for fusion welding of different methods ...
Accident Prevention
Showing posts with label safety in welding. Show all posts
Showing posts with label safety in welding. Show all posts
11:44 PM
11:25 PM
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
General characteristics of the basic safety requirements for fusion welding of different methods ...
General characteristics of the basic safety requirements for different methods of fusion welding.
For manual arc welding of small articles workplace welder and assembler: cab 2x2 or 2x3 meters with a moving canvas curtain. Cab is equipped with a rotary table (1) Collector (2) and Welder (3), welder (4), rack for parts (5), the platform for finished products (6).
Workplace welder in many cases serve as a manipulator, allowing the welder to easily rotate the product in a convenient position for welding. Cab must have local ventilation. The cabin should be a set of tools a welder and a supply of the electrodes. The case of welding unit is grounded, all the wires carefully insulated and protected from mechanical damage. The welder has to work in overalls and gloves and use a protective mask.
When arc welding in the assembly conditions special attention should be paid to the careful insulation of current carrying wires for welding in steel structures - good ventilation at the welding place. Welders should use rubber bedding, good clothes. When working in tight spaces, poorly ventilated, welders must periodically leave the rest to cover their stay in the bay should hedge at hand.
In expedient placement of mounting conditions of welding equipment in the kit, in special containers located near the work site and easily transported by cranes when changing jobs. It is also advisable to install the equipment stationary energoploschadkah with remote control. These measures reduce the unproductive waste of time for various transitions and reduce the risk of occupational injuries.
For mechanized welding processes must comply with all rules set forth above. In addition, it is necessary to ensure a comfortable and safe working conditions welders.
1. Assembly and welding of large sections should be performed in specialized areas, beds, benches, and there should be provided with adequate aisles on each side of the structure.
2. When welding the bulk section at the height of the forest it is necessary to arrange the location of welding equipment outside the welder's workplace.
3. All equipment is in poor condition may be under stress, an individual must have a grounding terminal to a common protective ground.
4. All welding units shall be under the supervision of the adjuster-rigger. To correct defects of welding equipment is only entitled fixer-setter.
5. When welding large articles should be used as shields, screens, fencing the place of the common welding passes.
In electroslag welding, general safety precautions associated with the use of electricity and the release of harmful gases, but instead of the shield it is sufficient to use safety goggles to protect from the glare of the slag bath, as well as slag splashing and bouncing pieces of the cooling of the slag crust. Is also required to closely monitor all water slide communications, as the slightest amount of moisture in the slag bath with the instantaneous vaporization can lead to violent splash slag and severe burns to the operator.
When welding in protective gases, other than compliance with the measures that are common to all methods of welding, it is necessary to consider that carbon dioxide and argon, 1.5-2 times heavier than air. These gases can accumulate in the bottom of the compartment, space, and therefore the ventilation devices should be installed not only in the welder's breathing zone, but also at the bottom of the room. Need to dispose of the air outside the work areas. Power exhaust ventilation for 1 kg of weld metal is not less than 150 m3 / h
When welding copper and its alloys to reduce the amount of harmful gases and aerosols, in all cases, where appropriate, recommend to nonconsumable welding electrodes.
With the electron beam welding the main risk associated with the occurrence of X-ray emission during deceleration of the electron beam on the product. It occurs at an accelerating voltage of 20 kV over, but the unit cells with a wall thickness of 15-20 mm and the use of leaded glass in the windows of the observer eliminates this danger.
Flow chart, developed by welding work performed by any methods of welding, and must contain instructions on labor protection measures that take into account the all-union statutes and regulations in force in the industry, just for the welding process.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
General characteristics of the basic safety requirements for different methods of fusion welding.
For manual arc welding of small articles workplace welder and assembler: cab 2x2 or 2x3 meters with a moving canvas curtain. Cab is equipped with a rotary table (1) Collector (2) and Welder (3), welder (4), rack for parts (5), the platform for finished products (6).
Workplace welder in many cases serve as a manipulator, allowing the welder to easily rotate the product in a convenient position for welding. Cab must have local ventilation. The cabin should be a set of tools a welder and a supply of the electrodes. The case of welding unit is grounded, all the wires carefully insulated and protected from mechanical damage. The welder has to work in overalls and gloves and use a protective mask.
When arc welding in the assembly conditions special attention should be paid to the careful insulation of current carrying wires for welding in steel structures - good ventilation at the welding place. Welders should use rubber bedding, good clothes. When working in tight spaces, poorly ventilated, welders must periodically leave the rest to cover their stay in the bay should hedge at hand.
In expedient placement of mounting conditions of welding equipment in the kit, in special containers located near the work site and easily transported by cranes when changing jobs. It is also advisable to install the equipment stationary energoploschadkah with remote control. These measures reduce the unproductive waste of time for various transitions and reduce the risk of occupational injuries.
For mechanized welding processes must comply with all rules set forth above. In addition, it is necessary to ensure a comfortable and safe working conditions welders.
1. Assembly and welding of large sections should be performed in specialized areas, beds, benches, and there should be provided with adequate aisles on each side of the structure.
2. When welding the bulk section at the height of the forest it is necessary to arrange the location of welding equipment outside the welder's workplace.
3. All equipment is in poor condition may be under stress, an individual must have a grounding terminal to a common protective ground.
4. All welding units shall be under the supervision of the adjuster-rigger. To correct defects of welding equipment is only entitled fixer-setter.
5. When welding large articles should be used as shields, screens, fencing the place of the common welding passes.
In electroslag welding, general safety precautions associated with the use of electricity and the release of harmful gases, but instead of the shield it is sufficient to use safety goggles to protect from the glare of the slag bath, as well as slag splashing and bouncing pieces of the cooling of the slag crust. Is also required to closely monitor all water slide communications, as the slightest amount of moisture in the slag bath with the instantaneous vaporization can lead to violent splash slag and severe burns to the operator.
When welding in protective gases, other than compliance with the measures that are common to all methods of welding, it is necessary to consider that carbon dioxide and argon, 1.5-2 times heavier than air. These gases can accumulate in the bottom of the compartment, space, and therefore the ventilation devices should be installed not only in the welder's breathing zone, but also at the bottom of the room. Need to dispose of the air outside the work areas. Power exhaust ventilation for 1 kg of weld metal is not less than 150 m3 / h
When welding copper and its alloys to reduce the amount of harmful gases and aerosols, in all cases, where appropriate, recommend to nonconsumable welding electrodes.
With the electron beam welding the main risk associated with the occurrence of X-ray emission during deceleration of the electron beam on the product. It occurs at an accelerating voltage of 20 kV over, but the unit cells with a wall thickness of 15-20 mm and the use of leaded glass in the windows of the observer eliminates this danger.
Flow chart, developed by welding work performed by any methods of welding, and must contain instructions on labor protection measures that take into account the all-union statutes and regulations in force in the industry, just for the welding process.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
11:16 PM
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
terms and norms on safety in welding part 4
If you are using cylinders of compressed gases must comply with established safety precautions: do not throw bottles, do not install them near heat sources, do not store with oxygen cylinders and combustible gas, cylinders stored in upright position. The freezing of moisture in the cylinder with pressure reducer of CO2 to warm him only through a special electric heater or obkladyvaya rags soaked in hot water. It is strictly forbidden to warm any compressed gas cylinders with an open flame, as it almost inevitably leads to the explosion of the cylinder.
In the production of welding on the tanks, previously used, requires clarification of the type of stored product and the presence of its residues. Thorough cleaning of the vessel is required from the remnants of food and 2-3-fold washing with 10% alkali solution, is also required follow-blowing with compressed air to remove odor, which can be harmful to act on the welder.
It is strictly forbidden purged with oxygen tanks, trying to do that sometimes, as in this case, the ingress of oxygen to the skin, clothing and welder for any open source of fire ignition causes intense wear and leads to fatal burns.
Danger of explosion exists when performing work in areas that have a large amount of powdered organic matter (food meal, peat, coal). This dust at a certain concentration can produce explosions of great strength. In addition to thorough ventilation for welding work in these areas requires a special permit fire.
Preventing fires from the molten metal and slag. The danger of fire is for this reason there is in those cases when performing welding for metal, wood, or the closing izolirovochnye combustible materials in the timber forests of flammable materials, etc. All of these options for welding should not be allowed.
Prevention of injuries associated with assembly and transport operations (mechanical injury type). It is important to the introduction of complex mechanization and automation, which reduces the risk of injury of this kind.
The main causes of injuries in the assembly and welding: the lack of vehicles for transporting heavy parts and products, faulty vehicles, failure of lifting appliances, faulty tools: hammers, hammers, wrenches, chisels, etc., the lack of protective eyewear when cleaning the welds on the slag, lack of clothing and other protective equipment.
Safety measures in this case: all of the tools and instruments should be checked periodically, lifting work should produce persons having special instructions, the workers should be required to comply with all safety regulations, including work clothing, gloves, the use of individual ventilation systems (where necessary), etc. It is important to the introduction of complex mechanization and automation, which reduces the risk of injury of this kind.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
If you are using cylinders of compressed gases must comply with established safety precautions: do not throw bottles, do not install them near heat sources, do not store with oxygen cylinders and combustible gas, cylinders stored in upright position. The freezing of moisture in the cylinder with pressure reducer of CO2 to warm him only through a special electric heater or obkladyvaya rags soaked in hot water. It is strictly forbidden to warm any compressed gas cylinders with an open flame, as it almost inevitably leads to the explosion of the cylinder.
In the production of welding on the tanks, previously used, requires clarification of the type of stored product and the presence of its residues. Thorough cleaning of the vessel is required from the remnants of food and 2-3-fold washing with 10% alkali solution, is also required follow-blowing with compressed air to remove odor, which can be harmful to act on the welder.
It is strictly forbidden purged with oxygen tanks, trying to do that sometimes, as in this case, the ingress of oxygen to the skin, clothing and welder for any open source of fire ignition causes intense wear and leads to fatal burns.
Danger of explosion exists when performing work in areas that have a large amount of powdered organic matter (food meal, peat, coal). This dust at a certain concentration can produce explosions of great strength. In addition to thorough ventilation for welding work in these areas requires a special permit fire.
Preventing fires from the molten metal and slag. The danger of fire is for this reason there is in those cases when performing welding for metal, wood, or the closing izolirovochnye combustible materials in the timber forests of flammable materials, etc. All of these options for welding should not be allowed.
Prevention of injuries associated with assembly and transport operations (mechanical injury type). It is important to the introduction of complex mechanization and automation, which reduces the risk of injury of this kind.
The main causes of injuries in the assembly and welding: the lack of vehicles for transporting heavy parts and products, faulty vehicles, failure of lifting appliances, faulty tools: hammers, hammers, wrenches, chisels, etc., the lack of protective eyewear when cleaning the welds on the slag, lack of clothing and other protective equipment.
Safety measures in this case: all of the tools and instruments should be checked periodically, lifting work should produce persons having special instructions, the workers should be required to comply with all safety regulations, including work clothing, gloves, the use of individual ventilation systems (where necessary), etc. It is important to the introduction of complex mechanization and automation, which reduces the risk of injury of this kind.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
11:14 PM
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and norms on safety in welding part 3
Preventing the risk of destruction of an electric arc rays. Welding arc is a source of light rays, the brightness of which can cause a burn unprotected eyes when they are irradiated during the 10-15 s. A more prolonged exposure to arc radiation can damage the lens of the eye and vision loss. Ultraviolet radiation causes skin and eye burns, burns like the direct action of bright sunlight, the infrared can cause clouding of the eye lens.
Exposure to radiation is harmful not only to arc welders and assistants for workers and assemblers. To prevent a dangerous eye disease must use safety glasses - the darkest for welders and more light for the workers.
In the breathing zone of welders concentration of these gases can reach (mg / l): N2O5 0,009-0,018; SiF4, HF to 0.004 each, CO to 0.46. When welding ferrous metals and their alloys in the welder's breathing zone can be observed such harmful gaseous compounds such as, ZnO, SnO2, MnO2, SiO2, etc.
The most dangerous to the health of welders aerosols of manganese as manganese poisoning can cause long-term and sustained involvement of the central nervous system up to the paralysis. Acute toxicity of zinc and lead vapor can cause fever, casting, and the poisoning of chromic anhydride - bronchial asthma. Long-term deposition of dust in the lungs can cause pneumonia.
All of these lesions may occur when welding is carried out with a flagrant violation of safety rules and safety relating to the provision of general and local ventilation, use of personal protective equipment (masks, respirators), especially when welding nonferrous metals and their alloys, as well as welding close, closed compartments with poor ventilation, etc.
There are strict requirements for ventilation for welding work. To capture the welding fumes in fixed positions, and where possible, and the time-dependent local pumps should be installed in a fume hood vertical or inclined panels of uniform suction table with suction sublattice, etc. When welding large structures on the conductors of serial, manipulators, and so n . local pumps should be directly embedded in these devices. When the automatic submerged arc welding in shielding gases, electroslag welding device is used with local exhaust of gases.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
Preventing the risk of destruction of an electric arc rays. Welding arc is a source of light rays, the brightness of which can cause a burn unprotected eyes when they are irradiated during the 10-15 s. A more prolonged exposure to arc radiation can damage the lens of the eye and vision loss. Ultraviolet radiation causes skin and eye burns, burns like the direct action of bright sunlight, the infrared can cause clouding of the eye lens.
Exposure to radiation is harmful not only to arc welders and assistants for workers and assemblers. To prevent a dangerous eye disease must use safety glasses - the darkest for welders and more light for the workers.
In the breathing zone of welders concentration of these gases can reach (mg / l): N2O5 0,009-0,018; SiF4, HF to 0.004 each, CO to 0.46. When welding ferrous metals and their alloys in the welder's breathing zone can be observed such harmful gaseous compounds such as, ZnO, SnO2, MnO2, SiO2, etc.
The most dangerous to the health of welders aerosols of manganese as manganese poisoning can cause long-term and sustained involvement of the central nervous system up to the paralysis. Acute toxicity of zinc and lead vapor can cause fever, casting, and the poisoning of chromic anhydride - bronchial asthma. Long-term deposition of dust in the lungs can cause pneumonia.
All of these lesions may occur when welding is carried out with a flagrant violation of safety rules and safety relating to the provision of general and local ventilation, use of personal protective equipment (masks, respirators), especially when welding nonferrous metals and their alloys, as well as welding close, closed compartments with poor ventilation, etc.
There are strict requirements for ventilation for welding work. To capture the welding fumes in fixed positions, and where possible, and the time-dependent local pumps should be installed in a fume hood vertical or inclined panels of uniform suction table with suction sublattice, etc. When welding large structures on the conductors of serial, manipulators, and so n . local pumps should be directly embedded in these devices. When the automatic submerged arc welding in shielding gases, electroslag welding device is used with local exhaust of gases.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
11:12 PM
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
terms and norms on safety in welding
Protective glasses, plates, and inserted into the mask, simply close the outside glass to protect them from splashes of molten metal. Shields are made of insulating metal - fiber, plywood, and the shape and size, they must fully protect the face and head welder (GOST 1361-69).
To mitigate the sharp contrast between the brightness of the arc and the low brightness of the dark walls (cab) they shall be painted in bright colors (red, blue, yellow) with the addition of zinc oxide in the paint to reduce reflection of ultraviolet rays of the arc incident on the wall.
When you work outside the cab to protect the view of others, worked as a welder and auxiliary workers shall apply, portable panels and screens.
Preventing the risk of damage splashes of molten metal and slag. Formed in arc welding splashes of molten metal have a temperature up to 1800 deg. C. at which the clothing of any tissue is destroyed. To protect against these sprays are usually used clothing (pants, jacket and gloves) from the canvas, or a special fabric. Jackets at work should not reduce a in the pants, and shoes should have a smooth top to spray molten metal does not fall into the clothing, as in this case there are severe burns.
To protect against contact with damp, cold ground and snow, and cold metal outdoor applications and indoor welders must be provided with warm bedding, mats, Spares and armrests of fire-resistant material with an elastic layer.
Prevention of poisoning harmful gases and aerosols released during welding. The high temperature of arc (6000 - 8000 ° C) inevitably leads to the fact that some of the welding wire, coatings, fluxes turns to a vapor state. These couples, getting the atmosphere of the shop, condensed and converted into an aerosol condensation on the particle dispersion is close to dymam and easily enter the respiratory system of welders. These aerosols are a major occupational risk of welders working. Amount of dust in the welder's breathing zone depends mainly on the welding process and welded materials, but to a certain extent by the type and design. The chemical composition of dust electric welding depends on the welding methods and types of basic and welding materials.
Along with the dust in arc welding are also formed and are released gaseous products - nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, welding electrode coated with "B" and a fluxing agents - fluoride. Radiation in connection with an accelerating voltage 20-22 kV and above.
In addition to compliance with these requirements in section 5.1, in order to prevent the risk of electric shock, do not touch the terminals of the clamping bolts and high-voltage circuit, remove the covers of electric terminals and threaded feed mechanism and semi-automatic, open the door hardware boxes and transformers and adjust them, etc.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
Protective glasses, plates, and inserted into the mask, simply close the outside glass to protect them from splashes of molten metal. Shields are made of insulating metal - fiber, plywood, and the shape and size, they must fully protect the face and head welder (GOST 1361-69).
To mitigate the sharp contrast between the brightness of the arc and the low brightness of the dark walls (cab) they shall be painted in bright colors (red, blue, yellow) with the addition of zinc oxide in the paint to reduce reflection of ultraviolet rays of the arc incident on the wall.
When you work outside the cab to protect the view of others, worked as a welder and auxiliary workers shall apply, portable panels and screens.
Preventing the risk of damage splashes of molten metal and slag. Formed in arc welding splashes of molten metal have a temperature up to 1800 deg. C. at which the clothing of any tissue is destroyed. To protect against these sprays are usually used clothing (pants, jacket and gloves) from the canvas, or a special fabric. Jackets at work should not reduce a in the pants, and shoes should have a smooth top to spray molten metal does not fall into the clothing, as in this case there are severe burns.
To protect against contact with damp, cold ground and snow, and cold metal outdoor applications and indoor welders must be provided with warm bedding, mats, Spares and armrests of fire-resistant material with an elastic layer.
Prevention of poisoning harmful gases and aerosols released during welding. The high temperature of arc (6000 - 8000 ° C) inevitably leads to the fact that some of the welding wire, coatings, fluxes turns to a vapor state. These couples, getting the atmosphere of the shop, condensed and converted into an aerosol condensation on the particle dispersion is close to dymam and easily enter the respiratory system of welders. These aerosols are a major occupational risk of welders working. Amount of dust in the welder's breathing zone depends mainly on the welding process and welded materials, but to a certain extent by the type and design. The chemical composition of dust electric welding depends on the welding methods and types of basic and welding materials.
Along with the dust in arc welding are also formed and are released gaseous products - nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, welding electrode coated with "B" and a fluxing agents - fluoride. Radiation in connection with an accelerating voltage 20-22 kV and above.
In addition to compliance with these requirements in section 5.1, in order to prevent the risk of electric shock, do not touch the terminals of the clamping bolts and high-voltage circuit, remove the covers of electric terminals and threaded feed mechanism and semi-automatic, open the door hardware boxes and transformers and adjust them, etc.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
11:10 PM
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding
terms and norms on safety in welding
Terms and norms on safety in fusion welding part 1.
In GOST 12.0.002-74 given the following definitions: "Safety - a system of organizational and technical measures and means to prevent exposure of employees to hazardous working environments" and "Safety at work - a system of laws and their respective socio-economic, technical and hygienic and organizational measures to ensure safety, the preservation of health and human performance at work. "
The methods of welding require compliance with certain complex safety and labor protection, which should be reflected in work plans and strictly adhered to when carrying out welding work. For all these methods of fusion welding in varying degrees, there is the possibility of hazardous effects on the welder on the following factors:
1) an electric shock when touching a person with live parts of electrical circuits;
2) defeated the rays of the electric arc-eye and open the skin's surface;
3) burns from metal droplets and slag during welding;
4) The poisoning of harmful gases released during welding, and contamination by dust and fumes of the premises of various substances;
5) explosions due to improper handling of compressed gas cylinders, either because the production of welding tanks from combustible materials, or welding near flammable or explosive substances;
6) The fire from the molten metal and slag during welding;
7) The trauma of various kinds of mechanical nature of the preparation of heavy items to the welding and the welding process.
Statistics show that 80% of injuries related to welding to the transport of heavy metal products.
Preventing the risk of electric shock. In fusion welding using current sources with open circuit voltage UKX = 45 - 80 V at a constant current Uhh = 55 - 75 In the case of alternating current, Uxx = 180 - 200 in plasma cutting. Therefore, power supplies should have automatic devices that disable them for no more than 0.5 seconds at breakage of the arc.
Given the unstable value of the electrical resistance of the human body (for example, for dry skin, for example, the resistance of 000 ohms 8000-20, and with wet hands, damaged skin resistance is reduced to 400-1000 ohms), is considered a safe voltage above 12 V (portable lighting .) If a welder working in confined spaces, can have a large area of contact with the metal surface to reduce the risk of electric shock is necessary to observe the following measures:
1. Reliable isolation of all the wires connected to the power source and the arc current, the device comprising a geometrically closed devices, grounding buildings welders. Grounding shall be: the case of power supplies, hardware box, auxiliary electrical equipment. Section of the earthing conductors shall be not less than 25 mm2. Connection, disconnection and repair of welding equipment is only concerned with the duty electrician. Welders do not perform this work.
2. Application in power supplies high voltage circuit breakers, which at the time of idling tear welding circuit and served on the holder of the voltage of 12 V.
3. Reliable device electrode with good insulation, which guarantees that there will be accidental contact with live parts of the electrode or workpiece hands welder (GOST 14651-69). Electrode must have high mechanical strength and can withstand at least 8000 terminal electrodes.
4.Proper clothing, gloves and mittens dry. When working in confined spaces and closed compartments required the use of rubber galoshes and rugs, lighting sources with a voltage of up to 6.12 V.
5. When working on a cathode-ray units to prevent hazard of hard X-rays (almost complete), the absorption of harmful radiation associated with the burning of the arc. Particularly dangerous in the sense of the eye is the light beam quantum generators (lasers), since even the reflected laser beams can cause serious damage to eyes and skin. Therefore, lasers have automatic devices to prevent such damage, but in strict conformity with the instructions of production operators, welders working at those facilities.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
Terms and norms on safety in fusion welding part 1.
In GOST 12.0.002-74 given the following definitions: "Safety - a system of organizational and technical measures and means to prevent exposure of employees to hazardous working environments" and "Safety at work - a system of laws and their respective socio-economic, technical and hygienic and organizational measures to ensure safety, the preservation of health and human performance at work. "
The methods of welding require compliance with certain complex safety and labor protection, which should be reflected in work plans and strictly adhered to when carrying out welding work. For all these methods of fusion welding in varying degrees, there is the possibility of hazardous effects on the welder on the following factors:
1) an electric shock when touching a person with live parts of electrical circuits;
2) defeated the rays of the electric arc-eye and open the skin's surface;
3) burns from metal droplets and slag during welding;
4) The poisoning of harmful gases released during welding, and contamination by dust and fumes of the premises of various substances;
5) explosions due to improper handling of compressed gas cylinders, either because the production of welding tanks from combustible materials, or welding near flammable or explosive substances;
6) The fire from the molten metal and slag during welding;
7) The trauma of various kinds of mechanical nature of the preparation of heavy items to the welding and the welding process.
Statistics show that 80% of injuries related to welding to the transport of heavy metal products.
Preventing the risk of electric shock. In fusion welding using current sources with open circuit voltage UKX = 45 - 80 V at a constant current Uhh = 55 - 75 In the case of alternating current, Uxx = 180 - 200 in plasma cutting. Therefore, power supplies should have automatic devices that disable them for no more than 0.5 seconds at breakage of the arc.
Given the unstable value of the electrical resistance of the human body (for example, for dry skin, for example, the resistance of 000 ohms 8000-20, and with wet hands, damaged skin resistance is reduced to 400-1000 ohms), is considered a safe voltage above 12 V (portable lighting .) If a welder working in confined spaces, can have a large area of contact with the metal surface to reduce the risk of electric shock is necessary to observe the following measures:
1. Reliable isolation of all the wires connected to the power source and the arc current, the device comprising a geometrically closed devices, grounding buildings welders. Grounding shall be: the case of power supplies, hardware box, auxiliary electrical equipment. Section of the earthing conductors shall be not less than 25 mm2. Connection, disconnection and repair of welding equipment is only concerned with the duty electrician. Welders do not perform this work.
2. Application in power supplies high voltage circuit breakers, which at the time of idling tear welding circuit and served on the holder of the voltage of 12 V.
3. Reliable device electrode with good insulation, which guarantees that there will be accidental contact with live parts of the electrode or workpiece hands welder (GOST 14651-69). Electrode must have high mechanical strength and can withstand at least 8000 terminal electrodes.
4.Proper clothing, gloves and mittens dry. When working in confined spaces and closed compartments required the use of rubber galoshes and rugs, lighting sources with a voltage of up to 6.12 V.
5. When working on a cathode-ray units to prevent hazard of hard X-rays (almost complete), the absorption of harmful radiation associated with the burning of the arc. Particularly dangerous in the sense of the eye is the light beam quantum generators (lasers), since even the reflected laser beams can cause serious damage to eyes and skin. Therefore, lasers have automatic devices to prevent such damage, but in strict conformity with the instructions of production operators, welders working at those facilities.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
9:36 PM
Accident Prevention
General requirements for safety during welding operations are regulated by GOST 12.3.003-86 "electric welding works. Safety requirements "as well as standards of GOST 12.1.004-85, GOST 12.1.010-76, GOST 12.3.002-75.
Among the dangerous and harmful factors in welding include:
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention
Among the dangerous and harmful factors in welding include:
- dangerous levels of voltage in an electrical circuit,
- Increased dust and gas air of working zone,
- high temperature arc and materials
- strong light and ultraviolet radiation of the arc,
- for spark spray, which can cause a fire,
- high pressure gas stored in cylinders, etc.
See also:
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 1
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 2
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 3
Terms and Norms on Safety in Welding Part 4
General Characteristics of the Basic Safety Requirements
Accident Prevention