Electron Beam Welding

Electron beam welding - welding, in which the heating and melting of the product is high-speed stream of electrons moving in an electric field in a vacuum.

Standard notation
EBW - Electron Beam Welding - electron beam welding

Welding Technology
Welding is performed in a vacuum inside the chamber, obtained by pumping air to a pressure of 10 -6 -10 -4 mm Hg. of Art. The electron beam is created in a special device - a cathode-ray gun.

Electron beam welding process

Electrons emitted from the cathode, heated by electric coils. The cathode is surrounded by a cathode electrode, which also applied negative potential. Thus, by pre-focusing of electrons emitted from the cathode in different directions.

At some distance from the cathode (typically 3-10 mm) is accelerating electrode (anode), to which a positive potential. Due to the mutual repulsion of the electrons beam is gradually expanding. To compress it using a focusing system, which focus the magnetic field. Precise pointing of the electron beam in the welding zone carries a magnetic deflection system.

The speed of the electrons can be up to 150,000 km / s and above. Therefore, even a very small mass of electrons, their kinetic energy (mν 2 / 2) is sufficient to heat the product bombarded to the melting temperature and hence welding.

Technical vacuum during welding has the following functions:

• reduces the loss of kinetic energy of the electrons, allowing them to reach the workpiece with virtually no collisions with air molecules;
• raplavlenny protects the metal from the interaction with the surrounding atmosphere (better than the shielding gas or flux);
• prevents arcing between the cathode and the anode and the cathode provides chemical protection;
• improves drainage weld pool, removal of oxide films, which increases the quality of the connection.

Welding technology:

manual arc welding semi-automatic welding argon arc welding machine welding electroslag welding plasma welding laser welding electron beam welding

gas welding resistance welding spot welding seam welding projection welding butt welding welding underwater welding in space