Automatic submerged arc welding
Arc creating an automatic submerged arc welding is a major achievement of modern welding technology. The initial idea of how submerged arc welding method belongs to the inventor of arc welding NG Slavyanov. As he applied flux crushed window glass.
Creating industrial method automatic submerged arc welding and its introduction into production in our country is inextricably linked with the name of academician Paton. After many years of hard work of the Institute of Electric them. Paton created submerged-arc welding technology, developed by the compositions and methods of manufacture of flux, created the original design of machines. In the development of a "method automatic submerged arc welding took an active part and take count of collaborating groups of many factories, research institutes and laboratories of our country. Development of automatic submerged arc welding changed the idea of the scope and possibilities of automation of arc welding process. In a number of productions in current automatic welding almost completely replaced the manual welding.
When welding, submerged arc welding arc between the electrode and the end product is lit by a layer of granular substance called flux. Fig. 93, as schematically shows the process of welding. bare electrode wire with a coil 2 is fed into the arc zone machine 3. front of the machine hopper 5 through tube 4 is applied to the product flux is 8, the remainder is not used in welding, pneumatically sucked back into the tank through the tube 6. melted and solidified to form part of the seam thick slag crust 7. Figure b shows the longitudinal section of the submerged arc welding zone, where 1 - electrode, 2 - gas bubble, 3 - flux flowing, 4 - bath of molten metal. Flux poured a layer thickness of 50-60 mm arc drowned in the mass flux and burn in a liquid medium of molten flux in the gas bubble formed by gases and vapors, continuously created by the arc. With an average bulk density of the flux of about 1.5 g/sm9 static pressure of the layer of flux on the liquid metal is 7-9 g/cm2. This slight pressure, as experience shows, it is enough to eliminate unwanted mechanical effects of the arc to the bath of molten metal, molten metal splash and a violation of the formation of the seam, even at very high currents. While at the open arc of the mechanical effects of trains on a bath of molten metal makes it almost impossible to weld at a current higher than 500-600 but due to splashing of the metal and the correct formation of joint disorders, immersion in the flux of the arc made it possible to increase the current applied to an average of 1000-2000 and 3000-4000, and a maximum of n Thus, the opportunity for submerged arc welding, the welding current to increase by 6-8 times compared with the open arc while maintaining high quality and excellent weld seam formation. welding productivity while growing significantly faster increase in current, changing the very nature of education seam. Small Motor open arc only slightly melt the edges of the seam, which is formed mainly by the molten metal electrode filling the groove. Powerful closed submerged arc melts the base metal is deeply, to reduce the groove weld, and often completely avoid cuts. Reduced share of the electrode metal in the formation of the seam, the average weld metal formed by two thirds by melting the base metal, and only on x / 3 due to the metal electrode. welding performance, determined by the number of meters of weld per hour arc, submerged arc welding is much higher (up to 10 times) than the open arc welding at the same welding currents. So , the performance of submerged arc welding increased both by increasing the welding current, and by better using it. Possibility of sharp increase in the welding current is important, an invaluable advantage of submerged arc welding. conclusion of the arc in the gas bubble and the walls of the liquid flux is practically nullifies metal loss on the fumes and spatter, the total value of which does not exceed 2% by weight of molten electrode metal. welds are obtained by uniform and very high quality. No loss to the fumes and spatter, and decrease in the proportion of the metal electrode in education joints allow a very significant cost savings electrode wire. Better use of current significantly saves energy consumption. Since the arc is invisible under a thick layer of flux, does not require eye protection workers. Disadvantages of submerged arc welding include the invisibility of the weld seams, closed with a thick layer of flux, and a fairly large expense and cost of flux. Invisibility welding place higher demands on the accuracy of the preparation and assembly of products for welding, welding joints makes a complex configuration. consumption flux by weight, on average, equal to the weight of the spent wire, and its value has a significant impact on the overall cost of welding. Application for submerged arc welding machine arc of special does not cause complications, submerged arc generally more stable open arc. Go to the submerged arc welding demanded a larger welding current and a corresponding increase in the size and enhance the design of automata. submerged arc welding in most cases is at the current high densities, so that is widely used machine at a constant rate wire feed.
See also:
Automatic Arc Welding
Automatic ADS
Machines with a Constant Feed Rate of Electrode
Flux Equipment
Settings for Automatic Arc Welding
Automatic Submerged Arc Welding Introduction
Fluxes for Automatic Arc Welding
Processed Fluxes
Ceramic Fused Fluxes
Semi-Automatic Arc Welding
Arc Welding with Flux Cored Wire
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